FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
About Multiple Sclerosis
What is Multiple Sclerosis?
MS is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS). For reasons that are not fully understood, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks portions of the CNS. The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord and contains millions of nerves. Nerve cells, or neurons, are made up of axons, which are long output fibers that transmit electrical impulses to dendrites, or input fibers in another neuron. This transmission occurs at a gap called a synapse by means of a chemical neurotransmitter. This system controls the flow of information throughout the nervous system and the body.
In MS, axons are the main target of destructive immune system attacks. Myelin, the protective insulation surrounding nerve fibers, is also damaged, resulting in inflammation and scarring. The term "multiple sclerosis" means "multiple scars." Because of destroyed axons and damaged myelin, nerve conduction is hampered, resulting in the symptoms of MS.
Recent research shows that MS is a continually active disease even before symptoms appear, and even when symptoms are no longer present.
Who Gets MS?
Multiple sclerosis usually affects people between the ages of 20-50 with most people experiencing their first symptoms in their 20's or 30's. There are higher numbers of cases in certain northern latitudes, including Washington. More women than men have MS, and more Caucasian people are affected than other ethnic populations. Studies indicate that genetic factors may make certain individuals more susceptible to MS, but no evidence exists that it is directly inherited.
Symptoms
Symptoms of MS vary greatly from person to person and are very unpredictable. Symptoms may be temporary, recurring or permanent. These may include:
 |
Blurred or double vision | |
Bladder or bowel problems |
| |
Coordination and balance difficulties | |
Muscle spasticity, or stiffness |
| |
Tremors | |
Paralysis |
| |
Slowing or slurring of speech | |
Memory problems |
| |
Depression and/or mood swings | |
Heat sensitivity |
| |
Overwhelming or unusual fatigue | |
Diminished sexual sensation |
| |
Numbness, tingling or burning sensations | |
Confusion, difficulty focusing, organizing or planning |
| |
Weakness in the arms or legs | |
Headaches |
|
Seizures | |
Hearing Loss |
|
Speech or Swallowing disorders | |
Itching |
Is MS contagious?
No, it is not. You cannot give it to nor get it from anyone else.
Is MS fatal or life threatening?
Although it is a lifelong illness, the vast majority of people with MS live just under the national averages for men and women.
What Causes MS?
It is not known what causes MS. Many different theories have been proposed, but the most widely held current theory is that MS develops in genetically predisposed people after cumulative exposure to a combination of viruses in early childhood.
How will MS affect me?
It is very difficult to predict how MS will affect you. It affects each person differently. The course of MS usually follows three possible directions:
1. Flare-ups (exacerbations) in which symptoms become worse or new symptoms develop, followed by periods where symptoms may disappear. (Relapsing)
2. A slow, progressive worsening of symptoms. (Primary Progressive)
3. A course of relapsing symptoms, followed by a steady, progressive decline. (Secondary Progressive.)
Is there a cure for MS?
Presently there is no cure for MS, although there is extensive research being done around the world to find a cure.
If there is no cure, then how is MS treated?
Six medications are now available to treat inflammatory MS. Avonex, Betaseron, Copaxone, Rebif, Novantrone and Tysabri. Studies have shown that they lessen the frequency and severity of MS attacks and slow the progression of the illness. Because MS disease activity is now known to be continuing in the CNS even when symptoms are not present, it is important to begin taking one of these medications as soon as a diagnosis is made.
Therapies are available to treat individual symptoms as they occur. Some people with MS take part in physical therapy, exercise or yoga to help with flexibility, coordination and strength. A balanced diet and being sensitive to fatigue can help someone maintain a maximum energy level.
What is the difference between the MS Association of King County and national MS organizations?
The MSA was established in 1956 and our focus is to provide direct rehabilitative and social services to individuals with MS and their families in King County. We provide information and referral services, physical and occupational therapy, yoga and hydrotherapy classes, professional counseling services, workshops, volunteer support, a lending library, and an award-winning website.
National MS organizations generally focus on funding MS research. Depending on the organization, they may also provide information and referral services, support groups and workshops, equipment assistance and financial assistance for counseling. Services will vary considerably between areas.
If you have further questions, please call the Multiple Sclerosis Association of King County, 206-633-2606.
(For more in-depth discussion of MS, check out our article "What Does a Diagnosis of MS Mean Today")
Was this information helpful? Then please consider making a donation. We are a small, independent nonprofit agency and are dependent on donations from our supporters. Thank you from all the staff at the MSA.
Home Disclaimer Privacy Policy Site Map Articles
The Multiple Sclerosis Association of King County
753 North 35th St., Suite 208, Seattle, WA 98103
Phone: 206-633-2606 Fax: 206-633-2920
Email: info@msakc.org